Crypto Risk Guides
The scams in this market follow a small number of repeatable patterns. Learn to recognise them and you can avoid most of the damage. These are original, plain-language explainers — no jargon for its own sake, no hype.
The Funding-Drain Scam: How 2026’s Low-Float Coins Hunt Short Sellers
A step-by-step breakdown of the manipulation pattern behind many of 2026’s biggest crypto collapses — pin the price, bleed the shorts through funding, then dump everything at once.
8 min readRead FundamentalsHolder Concentration: The Most Underrated Crypto Scam Signal
Who actually owns a token tells you more about its risk than its price chart ever will. Learn what holder concentration is, how to measure it correctly, and the traps that fool beginners.
7 min readRead How-toHow to Vet Any Crypto Token in 5 Minutes (Free Tools)
A practical, repeatable checklist to assess a cryptocurrency before you buy — covering holders, supply, liquidity, the team and the contract, using only free public tools.
9 min readRead Scam patternsRug Pulls Explained: The Anatomy of a Crypto Exit Scam
What a rug pull actually is, the three main variants, the warning signs that appear before one happens, and how to avoid being the exit liquidity.
6 min readRead Scam patternsWash Trading: How Fake Volume Fools Crypto Investors
Trading volume is supposed to signal demand — but in crypto it is routinely faked. Learn how wash trading works, why it is done, and the simple ratio that exposes it.
6 min readRead Market structureWhy Exchanges List Scam Coins (and Why That Doesn’t Make Them Safe)
A listing on a major exchange feels like a stamp of approval. It isn’t. Here is the economics of why risky coins get listed anyway — and what a listing does and doesn’t tell you.
6 min readRead Contract risksHoneypot Tokens: What They Are, How Checkers Work, and Why They Get It Wrong
A honeypot token lets you buy but not sell. Learn the mechanisms behind them, how honeypot checkers test for them, and why a clean or a failed check is weaker evidence than it looks.
7 min readRead Contract risksMintable Tokens: Are They Bad? What the Mint Function Really Means
A mintable token is one whose supply can still be increased. That is normal for stablecoins and wrapped assets and a serious risk elsewhere. Here is how to tell which you are looking at.
6 min readRead Contract risksRenounced Ownership in Crypto: What It Means and What It Doesn't Protect
"Ownership renounced" means the contract's owner address was set to nobody. It removes some risks and leaves others untouched. Here is exactly what it does and does not guarantee.
6 min readRead Contract risksProxy Contracts Explained: What "Upgradeable" Means for Token Holders
A proxy contract lets a token's code be replaced after launch. Most major protocols use them. Learn how they work, who controls the upgrade, and what to check before trusting an audit.
6 min readRead Contract risksCan a Token Owner Freeze or Take Your Crypto? Pause, Blacklist and Balance Controls Explained
Some token contracts let the owner pause all transfers, blacklist a wallet or change balances. Learn what each permission does, which legitimate tokens have them, and how to check before you buy.
7 min readRead Contract risksLiquidity Locked: What It Means in Crypto and How to Check It
"Liquidity locked" means the tokens that represent a trading pool are held in a time-lock so the creator cannot withdraw them. Learn what it protects, what it doesn't, and how to verify a lock yourself.
6 min readRead Market structureFDV vs Market Cap: What "Low Float, High FDV" Means and Why It Matters
Market cap counts the tokens trading today; fully diluted valuation counts every token that will ever exist. The gap between them tells you how much supply is still waiting to arrive.
6 min readRead Market structureToken Unlocks Explained: Cliffs, Vesting Schedules and What They Do to Supply
A token unlock releases previously locked supply to the team, investors or treasury. Learn how cliffs and vesting work, how to read an unlock schedule, and how locked supply shows up in holder data.
6 min readRead FundamentalsBurn Addresses in Crypto: What "Burned" Really Means and How to Verify It
A burn address is a wallet nobody can spend from. Learn the common burn addresses, the difference between sending tokens there and reducing total supply, and how burns distort holder statistics.
5 min readRead How-toWhat "Top 10 Holders" Means in Crypto and How to Read the Number
The top 10 holders percentage shows how much of a token's supply its ten largest addresses control. Learn what counts as high, why the raw figure misleads, and how to read a holder list on a block explorer.
6 min readRead Market structureMarket Cap vs Liquidity vs Volume: Why a Crypto Valuation Isn't Money You Can Withdraw
Market cap is price times supply, not money invested. Liquidity is what you can actually sell into. Learn how the three numbers relate and how to spot a valuation that could not survive real selling.
6 min readRead Scam patternsHow to Spot a Crypto Pump and Dump: The Market Signals That Show Up First
Pump-and-dump schemes follow a recognisable sequence. Learn how they are organised, which market and on-chain signals tend to appear, and why none of those signals is proof on its own.
7 min readRead How-toCrypto Whale Wallets: How to Track Them and Why Most "Whale" Alerts Mislead
A whale is a wallet large enough to move a token's price. Learn how to find a token's real whales, how to track what they do, and why the biggest addresses are often exchanges and contracts, not people.
6 min readRead